redhat:virtualization-redhat:start

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redhat:virtualization-redhat:start [2017/09/09 17:33] – [Vorbereitungen zu starten des Virt-Managers] michaelredhat:virtualization-redhat:start [2020/04/01 10:59] – [KVM Hypervisor on Red Hat / CentOS 8.x] michael
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-====== KVM Hypervisor unter Redhat / CentOS ====== +====== KVM Hypervisor on Red Hat / CentOS 8.x ====== 
-**KVM** ist eine Open Source Hardware Virtualisierungslösung, welche dazu gebraucht werden kann; um mehrere Linux basierende oder auch Windows basierende Systeme parallel auf einem Host zu betreiben. KVM ist typischerweise bekannt als sogenannte "**Kernel based Virtual Machine**". Dies ist so, weil nach der Installation des Pakages das KVM Module beim nächsten Boot mit dem Kernel geladen wird und so einen //normalen Linux Server// in einen fast Baremetal-Hypervisor verwandelt. Nun werde ich beschreiben, wie genau so ein [[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel-based_Virtual_Machine|KVM Hypervisor]] aufgesetzt wird und wie man ihn anschliessend verwalten kann.+ 
 +**KVM** is an open source hardware virtualization solution which can be used to run several Linux-based or Windows-based systems in parallel on one host.  
 + 
 +KVM is known as a so-called "**Kernel based Virtual Machine**". This is because after installing the package, the KVM module is loaded with the kernel at the next boot, turning a //normal Linux server// into a bare metal hypervisor.  
 + 
 +Now I will describe how to set up such a [[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel-based_Virtual_Machine|KVM Hypervisor]] and how to manage it afterwards. 
 + 
 + 
 +  * [[redhat:virtualization-redhat:kvm-installation-centos7|OLD - KVM Installation on CentOS / Red Hat 7.x]] 
 + 
 + 
 +---- 
 + 
 +<WRAP center round important 100%> 
 +<wrap em>Before we start, verify support for **Virtual Technology** of the CPU by issueing the following command:</wrap>
  
-<wrap em>Bevor mit der Installation des Hypervisors begonnen wird, solle immer zuerst überprüfen; ob die aktuelle Maschine überhaupt eine Virtualisierung unterstützt. Dies wird folgendermassen überprüft:</wrap> 
 <code> <code>
-# grep -E '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo+# lscpu | grep Virtualization
 </code> </code>
 +<sxh bash; gutter: false;>
 +Virtualization:      VT-x
 +Virtualization type: full
 +</sxh>
  
-Wenn man nun den Output **vmx** oder **svn** bekommt ist alles in Ordnung. Wenn nichts kommt kann auf diesem Host nicht Visualisiert werden.+The output of the above command shows that, our server kvm-virtualization-01.recipes.com supports Virtualization.
  
-----+However, if the above command returns no result on your server then,
  
 +  - ''In case of bare-metal machine, you have to enable the VT support from system BIOS.''
 +  - ''In case of virtual machine, you have to enable the VT support from VM's CPU Settings.''
 +</WRAP>
  
-===== Installation KVM ===== + 
-Jetzt kann die Installation von KVM durchgeführt werden. Als erstes werden dafür die benötigten Pakages installiert.+ 
 + 
 +===== Installing KVM ===== 
 + 
 + 
 +In CentOS 8 / RHEL 8, virtualization components including KVM and QEMU hypervisors are bundled in virt module. Therefore, it is really simple now to configure a KVM virtualization host in CentOS 8. 
 + 
 +<WRAP center box 100%> 
 +We are installing virt module using dnf command.
  
 <code> <code>
- # yum install qemu-kvm qemu-img virt-manager libvirt libvirt-python libvirt-client virt-install virt-viewer bridge-utils+# dnf install -y @virt
 </code> </code>
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +<WRAP center box 100%>
 +We are also installing virt-install package, because it provides some very useful command line tools.
 +
 +<code>
 +# dnf install -y virt-install
 +</code>
 +
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +
 +<WRAP center box 100%>
 +Validate all the components on your KVM host can support virtualization.
 +
 +<code>
 +# virt-host-validate
 +</code>
 +
 +<sxh bash; gutter: false;>
 +  QEMU: Checking for hardware virtualization                                 : PASS
 +  QEMU: Checking if device /dev/kvm exists                                   : PASS
 +  QEMU: Checking if device /dev/kvm is accessible                            : PASS
 +  QEMU: Checking if device /dev/vhost-net exists                             : PASS
 +  QEMU: Checking if device /dev/net/tun exists                               : PASS
 +  QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'memory' controller support                      : PASS
 +  QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'memory' controller mount-point                  : PASS
 +  QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'cpu' controller support                         : PASS
 +  QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'cpu' controller mount-point                     : PASS
 +  QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'cpuacct' controller support                     : PASS
 +  QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'cpuacct' controller mount-point                 : PASS
 +  QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'cpuset' controller support                      : PASS
 +  QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'cpuset' controller mount-point                  : PASS
 +  QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'devices' controller support                     : PASS
 +  QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'devices' controller mount-point                 : PASS
 +  QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'blkio' controller support                       : PASS
 +  QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'blkio' controller mount-point                   : PASS
 +  QEMU: Checking for device assignment IOMMU support                         : PASS
 +  QEMU: Checking if IOMMU is enabled by kernel                               : WARN (IOMMU appears to be disabled in kernel. Add intel_iommu=on to kernel cmdline arguments)
 +
 +</sxh>
 +
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
  
 Nach erfolgreicher Installation müssen die Services gestartet & aktiviert werden. Nach erfolgreicher Installation müssen die Services gestartet & aktiviert werden.
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 # systemctl enable libvirtd # systemctl enable libvirtd
 </code> </code>
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
  
 Nun sollte überprüft werden, ob KVM erfolgreich seine beiden Core-Module laden konnte. Nun sollte überprüft werden, ob KVM erfolgreich seine beiden Core-Module laden konnte.
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 </WRAP> </WRAP>
  
----- 
  
 ===== Vorbereitungen zu starten des Virt-Managers ===== ===== Vorbereitungen zu starten des Virt-Managers =====
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 </WRAP> </WRAP>
  
-----+
 ===== Starten des Virt Managers ===== ===== Starten des Virt Managers =====
  
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 # ip addr show br0 # ip addr show br0
 </code> </code>
 +
  
 ===== Start Creating Virtual Machines. ===== ===== Start Creating Virtual Machines. =====
-Now Create Virtual Machine either from the command line using '**virt-install**' command or from GUI (**virt-manager**)+Create Virtual Machine either from the command line using '**virt-install**' command or from GUI (**virt-manager**)
  
-Now let’s Create a virtual machine of ''**Windows Server 2012 R2**'' using virt-manager.+<WRAP center box 100%> 
 +''**Now let’s Create a virtual machine** of **Windows Server 2012 R2** using virt-manager.''
  
-Start the “virt-manager”+  - Start the “virt-manager” 
 +  - Go to the File Option, click on ''New Virtual Machine'' <WRAP clear/> {{:redhat:virtualization-redhat:virt-manger-2.jpg?nolink|}} 
 +  - We will be using ISO file as installation media. In the next step Specify the path of ISO file.{{:redhat:virtualization-redhat:virt-manger-3.jpg?nolink|}} 
 +  - Click on Forward. And specify the Compute Resources : RAM and CPU as per your setup. {{:redhat:virtualization-redhat:virt-manger-4.jpg?nolink|}} 
 +  - Click on Forward to proceed further. Then specify the storage Size of Virtual Machine, In my case I am using 25G.{{:redhat:virtualization-redhat:virt-manger-5.jpg?nolink|}} 
 +  - In the Next step Specify the Name of Virtual Machine and select network as **Bridge br0**{{:redhat:virtualization-redhat:virt-manger-6.jpg?nolink|}} 
 +  - Click on Finish to start the installation. {{:redhat:virtualization-redhat:virt-manger-7.png?nolink|}}
  
-Go to the File Option, click on ''New Virtual Machine''+''<wrap em>Follow the screen instructions and complete the installation.</wrap>''
  
-{{:redhat:virtualization-redhat:virt-manger-2.jpg?nolink|}} +</WRAP>
- +
-We will be using ISO file as installation media. In the next step Specify the path of ISO file. +
- +
-{{:redhat:virtualization-redhat:virt-manger-3.jpg?nolink|}} +
- +
-Click on Forward. +
- +
-Specify the Compute Resources : RAM and CPU as per your setup. +
- +
-{{:redhat:virtualization-redhat:virt-manger-4.jpg?nolink|}} +
- +
-Click on Forward to proceed further. +
- +
-Specify the storage Size of Virtual Machine, In my case I am using 25G. +
- +
-{{:redhat:virtualization-redhat:virt-manger-5.jpg?nolink|}} +
- +
-In the Next step Specify the Name of Virtual Machine and select network as **Bridge br0** +
- +
-{{:redhat:virtualization-redhat:virt-manger-6.jpg?nolink|}} +
- +
-Click on Finish to start the installation. +
- +
-{{:redhat:virtualization-redhat:virt-manger-7.png?nolink|}} +
- +
-Follow the screen instructions and complete the installation.+
  
  
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 The above **virt-install** command consitst of following options : The above **virt-install** command consitst of following options :
  
-  * **–name** = <Name of the Virtual Machine> +  * ''**–name** = <Name of the Virtual Machine>'' 
-  * **–file** = <Location where our virtual machine disk file will be stored > +  * ''**–file** = <Location where our virtual machine disk file will be stored >'' 
-  * **–file-size** = < Size of the Virtual Machine, in my case it is 20GB > +  * ''**–file-size** = < Size of the Virtual Machine, in my case it is 20GB >'' 
-  * **–nonsparse** = < Allocate the whole storage while creating> +  * ''**–nonsparse** = < Allocate the whole storage while creating>'' 
-  * **–graphics** = < Specify the graphical tool for interactive installation, in above example I am using spice > +  * ''**–graphics** = < Specify the graphical tool for interactive installation, in above example I am using spice >'' 
-  * **–vcpu** = < Number of virtual CPU for the Machine > +  * ''**–vcpu** = < Number of virtual CPU for the Machine >'' 
-  * **–ram** = < RAM size for the virtual Machine > +  * ''**–ram** = < RAM size for the virtual Machine >'' 
-  * **–cdrom** = < Virtual CD ROM which specify the installation media like ISO file > +  * ''**–cdrom** = < Virtual CD ROM which specify the installation media like ISO file >'' 
-  * **–network** = < it is used to specify which network we will use for the virtual machine, in this example I am bridge interface> +  * ''**–network** = < it is used to specify which network we will use for the virtual machine, in this example I am bridge interface>'' 
-  * **–os-type** = < Operating system type like linux and window> +  * ''**–os-type** = < Operating system type like linux and window>'' 
-  * **–os-variant**= <KVM maintains the OS variants like ‘fedora18′, ‘rhel6’ and ‘winxp’ , this option is optional and if you not sure about OS variant you can mentioned it as generic>+  * ''**–os-variant**= <KVM maintains the OS variants like ‘fedora18′, ‘rhel6’ and ‘winxp’ , this option is optional and if you not sure about OS variant you can mentioned it as generic>''
  
  
-Open now the Virt Viewer //(on Windoff)// and follow the instruction to complete the installation.+Open now the Virt Viewer //(on Windows)// and follow the instruction to complete the installation.
  
 {{:redhat:virtualization-redhat:ubuntu-16-04-virt-install.jpg?nolink|}} {{:redhat:virtualization-redhat:ubuntu-16-04-virt-install.jpg?nolink|}}
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 That’s it, basic installation and configuration of KVM hypervisor is completed. That’s it, basic installation and configuration of KVM hypervisor is completed.
  
----- 
  
 <WRAP center box 100%> <WRAP center box 100%>
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 <WRAP center round tip 100%> <WRAP center round tip 100%>
 +  * ''Cockpit''
   * ''https://www.virtualizor.com/''   * ''https://www.virtualizor.com/''
   * ''https://github.com/ArchipelProject/Archipel/wiki''   * ''https://github.com/ArchipelProject/Archipel/wiki''
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----- 
  
 ===== Redhat Dokumentation zum Thema ===== ===== Redhat Dokumentation zum Thema =====
  • redhat/virtualization-redhat/start.txt
  • Last modified: 2020/09/02 12:37
  • by michael